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Motor parameters fundamentally determine the thrust, speed and stability of linear actuators. Different from general-purpose motors, actuator motor parameters are defined combined with linear transmission characteristics. The key core parameters are listed below:
2.1 Rated Voltage & Operating Current
Common voltages for civil and miniature actuators are DC12V and DC24V; industrial models mostly adopt DC36V and DC48V, while heavy-duty industrial versions match AC220V/380V mains power.
Rated current reflects power consumption under full motor load, serving as the critical reference for power supply and wiring harness selection.
Stall current refers to the instantaneous maximum current when the motor is locked, a vital index for actuator overload protection and circuit protection design, generally 2–3 times the rated current.
2.2 Rated Power & Output Torque
The raw power of a motor does not directly decide actuator thrust; thrust mainly comes from motor torque matched with reduction ratio.
All linear actuator motors are customized low-power high-torque units. The gearbox reduces speed and amplifies torque, converting the motor’s high-speed low-torque output into low-speed high linear thrust.
For motors with identical power, a higher reduction ratio delivers greater thrust yet slower running speed.
2.3 Duty Cycle (Core Working Condition Parameter)
This exclusive parameter for actuator motors falls into two categories: S2 short-time duty and S1 continuous duty.
- S2 Short-Time Duty
Standard for most civil and light industrial actuator motors. Single continuous operation time is generally ≤ 2 minutes; the motor must cool down in intervals before restarting. Long-term continuous operation is forbidden, otherwise overheating and burnout will occur.
- S1 Continuous Duty
Exclusive to industrial BLDC motors. Supports 24-hour non-stop operation, ideal for cyclic reciprocating tasks on automated production lines.
2.4 Rotational Speed & Dynamic Response
No-load motor speed sets the basic extension/retraction speed of the actuator. Standard actuator motors run at 3000–8000 r/min, converted to a regular linear speed of 5–30 mm/s after deceleration.
High-quality motors feature fast start-stop response and stable rotational speed without fluctuation, eliminating jitter and uneven speed during actuator movement.
2.5 Protection & Temperature Resistance Parameters
The internal motor’s protection rating aligns with the overall IP rating of the actuator; standard built-in motors meet IP54 and IP65 dustproof and waterproof standards.
Normal operating temperature range: -10℃ ~ +60℃. Custom industrial models can operate stably under extreme temperatures from -40℃ to +85℃, suitable for special environments such as outdoors, cold chains and high-temperature machinery.
